This concern notwithstanding, Emory University and the University of Nebraska opened HLCC units in civilian academic medical centers in 20, respectively. Owing, in part, to this underutilization, some questioned the utility of HLCC units. Over its 41-year existence, 21 persons exposed to highly hazardous infectious diseases were admitted to the Slammer, but none ever contracted the disease to which they had been exposed. Army’s Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) began construction of the first modern biocontainment unit that year, and opened the two-bed facility, often referred to as “the Slammer” in 1971. The concept of clinical biocontainment, otherwise known as high-level containment care (HLCC), had its birth among a confluence of near-simultaneous events in 1969.
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